12/26/2025
an educational infographic designed to explain the different methods of milling timber and how those methods affect the visual grain pattern and structural properties of the resulting wood planks.
It uses a "myth vs. reality" format, contrasting a stylized conceptual model with technical diagrams used in the lumber industry.
1. THE CONCEPTUAL MODELS (TOP)
The top half of the image features two 3D renderings of a log being "unpacked."
• The Visualization: It shows a log where boards are cut from all four sides, leaving a solid square beam in the center.
• The Purpose: This is likely meant to show how a single log contains many different potential boards, but it is an idealized representation rather than a standard commercial milling pattern.
2. MILLING METHODS (BOTTOM)
The bottom half explains the four primary ways logs are actually sawn in a mill. Each method results in a different grain appearance and level of stability.
PLAIN SAWN (FLAT SAWN)
• The Cut: The log is sliced horizontally. It is the most common and efficient method with the least amount of waste.
• The Result: Produces a "cathedral" grain pattern (the arched shapes seen in the bottom left plank).
• Characteristics: It is the most affordable but more prone to "cupping" or warping over time.
QUARTER SAWN
• The Cut: The log is first cut into quarters, and then each quarter is sawn at a specific angle, usually perpendicular to the growth rings.
• The Result: This often reveals "flecking" or medullary rays (the shimmering spots seen in the second plank).
• Characteristics: It is very dimensionally stable (resists shrinking and swelling) and is highly prized for high-end furniture and flooring.
RIFT SAWN
• The Cut: Similar to quarter sawn, but the boards are cut at a specific angle (usually to ) to the growth rings to ensure the grain remains linear.
• The Result: Produces the most consistent, straight-line grain pattern with no "flecking."
• Characteristics: This is the most expensive and wasteful method because it leaves many wedge-shaped scraps, but it offers the most uniform look.
LIVE SAWN (SLAB SAWN)
• The Cut: The saw passes straight through the log from one side to the other without turning it.
• The Result: A single board will contain a mix of grain patterns—plain sawn near the center and quarter/rift sawn near the edges.
• Characteristics: It captures the full character of the tree and is often used for "rustic" designs or wide-plank flooring.