26/03/2023
More than meets the eye that's for sure.
Thanks to Eucalypt Australia for these comprehensive and interesting facts about the River Red Gum 🌳
Their roots reach down deep into the water table (usually > 10 m), drawing water to the surface that no other plants or animals can reach.
By maximising their water-use, they grow quickly and produce excesses of food in the form of leaves, nectar, pollen, wood, flowers and sap.
Sap-sucking, nectar-licking, leaf-grazing, wood-chewing and pollen gathering invertebrates gather en masse, drawing insectivorous birds, mammals and reptiles to the feast. They are joined by nectar-feeding birds, bats and possums, and leaf-eaters too. At the top of the table sit the great predators - the monitors, snakes, raptors and owls. All gaining nutrients and water from this one tree.
Parasitising mistletoes tap into the tree's tissue and make use of the readily available water to grow palatable leaves, fruit and nectar that benefit even more wildlife.
Not only do they feed everyone, they keep them cool too! As the River Red Gum and the mistletoes pump water through their tissues, into their leaves and back out into the air, they cool and humidify their immediate surroundings, helping their community to survive through periods of dry heat.
Another cool microclimate forms in the soil under the shade of the River Red Gum's canopy, beneath a litter of red gum leaves that insulate and retain moisture in the soil and form the base of a subterranean food web. When rain does fall, the River Red Gum's boughs capture it and channel it down the trunk and into the soil around its roots.
And (as if food, water and climate control weren't enough) each tree provides homes for its visitors - under bark, in hollows, and amidst the shelter of its spreading branches and roots.
In floods, these spaces are vital for wildlife escaping the floodwaters, and provide a handy bed and breakfast for opportunistic waterbirds and other nomads to fly in and make use of.