10/01/2025
Why are Dry Stone Walls more prone to collapse in winter?
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A combination of factors can contribute to Dry Stone Wall damage:
Accidents:
Wet or icy road conditions mean drivers are more likely to skid off road and into walls on the roadside.
Weight of Snow and Ice:
Accumulation of heavy snow or ice on top of a dry stone wall can add significant weight. If the wall is already compromised due to loosened stones, the added load may be enough to cause a collapse.
Freeze-Thaw Cycle:
When water seeps into the gaps between the stones, it can freeze when temperatures drop. Ice expands as it freezes, putting pressure on the surrounding stones. When the ice melts, the pressure is released. Over time the stones can become loosened or displaced, weakening the structure and eventually lead to collapse.
Heavy Rain:
In addition to the freeze-thaw cycle, heavy rainfall can destabilise stones within a wall. When water fills the gaps between the stones, it can cause erosion, further loosening the wall’s integrity.
Frost Heave:
The ground underneath a dry stone wall can freeze, causing the soil to expand. This expansion can push up on the base of the wall, destabilising it and causing it to shift or collapse.
In essence, a combination of freezing temperatures, water infiltration, and the physical stress from freezing and thawing can weaken the wall, causing stones to dislodge and the structure to fail. Regular maintenance and rebuilding can help prevent collapse over time.