02/24/2023
Here’s your helpful hint of the week:
You can safely and correctly, replace ungrounded, two prong receptacles with three prong receptacles, and still not have a ground wire present.
Many older homes were built with wire that only included a hot wire, and a neutral wire. This was acceptable years ago. If you purchase a home or have a home that has these outlets, there is an article in the national electric code that allows you to upgrade to the modern grounded receptacles without having to change the wiring in your home.
If you can afford it, changing the wiring is the absolute most recommended method to go, but could be quite costly. The alternative is replacing the receptacles with GFCI receptacles, or replacing with three prong outlets and using a GFCI breaker if your replacing multiple receptacles. The outlets or the covers must have labels stating “GFCI protected” and “No equipment ground”
Article 406.4(D)(2) of the National Electric Code covers this.
406.4(D)(2) Non–Grounding-Type Receptacles. Where attachment to an equipment grounding conductor does not exist in the receptacle enclosure, the installation shall comply with (D)(2)(a), (D)(2)(b), or (D)(2)(c).
(a) A non–grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with another non–grounding-type receptacle(s).
(b) A non–grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a ground-fault circuit interrupter-type of receptacle(s). These receptacles or their cover plates shall be marked “No Equipment Ground.” An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter-type receptacle to any outlet supplied from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle.
(c) A non–grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a grounding-type receptacle(s) where supplied through a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Where grounding-type receptacles are supplied through the ground-fault circuit interrupter, grounding-type receptacles or their cover plates shall be marked “GFCI Protected” and “No Equipment Ground,” visible after installation. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected between the grounding-type receptacles.
This photo is missing the “No Equipment ground” label as the homeowner decided they did not want them, even though they were advised of this. The outlets are protected by GFCI (Ground Fault) and AFCI (Arc fault) combination breakers.