07/15/2026
What actually makes a hunting bullet effective?
Is it expansion? Pe*******on? Fragmentation? Weight retention? Energy? A big temporary cavity? An exit wound?
The answer is more complicated than any one of those—and that’s exactly why hunters can look at the same bullet performance and come to completely different conclusions.
I’ve spent a lot of time studying terminal ballistics, cutting bullets apart, comparing construction, looking at real-world performance, and trying to separate what bullets are supposed to do from what actually happens after impact.
This article brings all of that together.
Terminal Ballistics: What Really Happens When a Bullet Hits an Animal
It covers:
• What actually happens during bullet impact
• Permanent vs. temporary wound cavities
• Expansion, fragmentation, and pe*******on
• Why weight retention can be misleading
• How bullet construction controls terminal performance
• Why impact velocity matters more than many hunters realize
• Monolithic, bonded, cup-and-core, match-style, and fragmenting designs
• Why the “best” bullet depends on what you’re asking it to do
This isn’t an argument that one bullet design is universally better than another. The goal is to understand how different bullets work, why they behave differently, and how to choose the performance characteristics that fit your hunting and shot conditions.
If you’ve ever wondered why one hunter swears by a bullet that another hunter absolutely hates, this article may help explain why.
HAWKEYE BALLISTICS SERIES VOLUME I WHAT ACTUALLY KILLS GAME ANIMALS? Understanding Terminal Ballistics Beyond the Myths Aaron Peterson Founder • Hawkeye Ammosmithing Data-Driven Ballistics, Tested & Proven. Publication Information Series: Hawkeye Ballistics Series Volume: I Title: What...