06/22/2026
Codominant Stems: A Hidden Structural Defect
Not all tree defects are immediately visible. One of the most common structural concerns encountered during tree inspections is the presence of codominant stems—two or more stems of similar size originating from the same point on the trunk.
While these trees may appear healthy from a distance, codominant stems often develop weak attachment points that can become significant failure hazards as the tree matures.
Why Are Codominant Stems a Concern?
When multiple stems compete for dominance, bark can become trapped between them, creating what arborists refer to as included bark. Unlike normal branch attachments that develop strong connective wood, included bark prevents proper structural integration and creates a weak union.
As the stems increase in size and weight, the risk of separation can increase substantially.
Potential Consequences
• Stem failure during high winds or storms
• Splitting of the main trunk
• Increased likelihood of property damage
• Greater risk to nearby structures, vehicles, and occupants
• Expensive corrective work if not addressed early
Management Options
The appropriate management strategy depends on the species, age, condition, size, and location of the tree.
Potential recommendations may include:
• Structural pruning during early development
• Selective canopy reduction to reduce end-weight loading
• Supplemental support systems such as cabling or bracing
• Ongoing monitoring and risk assessment
• Removal when defects present an unacceptable level of risk
Early identification is often the most effective means of reducing future risk while preserving tree health and structure.
Higher Elevations Tree Care
✔ Tree Risk Assessments
✔ Structural Pruning
✔ Cabling & Bracing
✔ Hazard Tree Evaluations
✔ Free In-Person Estimates
✔ Fully Insured
“Many tree failures begin with defects that develop decades before the tree ever shows signs of decline.”
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